{"id":21,"date":"2023-10-30T07:54:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T07:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/?page_id=21"},"modified":"2023-10-31T06:45:10","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T06:45:10","slug":"ethsl","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/ethsl\/","title":{"rendered":"EthSL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275<\/strong> <strong>\u124b\u1295\u124b<\/strong> <strong>\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb<\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><strong>\u121d<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u124b<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u12a2<\/strong><strong>) <\/strong><strong>\u1213\u1342\u122d<\/strong> <strong>\u1273\u122a\u12bd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u1333\u12cd\u120e\u1235<\/strong> <strong>\u12ab\u1221<\/strong><strong> (<\/strong><strong>\u12f6<\/strong><strong>\/<\/strong><strong>\u122d<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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\u121d\u121d\u1203\u12dd (\u1295\u12a3\u1265\u1290\u1275 \u1238\u1363 \u1298\u1363 \u12b8\u1363 \u12e0\u1363 \u1308\u1363 \u1328\u1363 \u1340) \u12d8\u12f5\u1203\u1260 \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12ab\u1265\u12da \u1265\u1270\u12c8\u1233\u12ba \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u1295\u12ab\u1265\u12d5 \u1363 \u1223\u120d\u1235 \u1363 \u122b\u1265\u12d5 \u1363 \u1203\u121d\u1235 \u1363 \u1233\u12f5\u1235 \u12a5\u1293 \u1233\u1265\u12d5 \u1293\u12ed \u134a\u12f0\u120d \u1251\u120d\u134d\u1273\u1275 (\u12a3\u1293\u1260\u1265\u1272) \u12a3\u12f3\u120d\u12ee\u121d \u1290\u12ed\u122e\u121d\u1362 \u201c\u1293\u12ed \u1215\u12f5\u1215\u12f5 \u1251\u120d\u134a \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1273\u12ca \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u12d5 180 \u12f2\u130d\u122a \u121d\u12db\u122d \u12e8\u12f5\u120a \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u12a3\u1290\u1295 \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234\u1295 \u1270\u12d8\u122b\u122a\u1265\u1293 \u12a3\u1265\u12da \u1210\u12da \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce\u121d \u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12d5 \u1295\u12ad\u1215\u12d9 \u1308\u12ed\u122d\u1293\u1362 \u2026\u2026 \u12a5\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u130d\u12d5\u12dd \u12f5\u121d\u1342 \u12a3\u1265\u12dd\u12cd\u12ad\u1209 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u1218\u1300\u1218\u122d\u12eb \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u12d8\u12f3\u1208\u12cd\u12ce\u121d \u1213\u12f0\u1213\u12f2\u12a6\u121d \u1240\u12ed\u122d\u1293 \u12a2\u1293\u1362\u201c (\u1243\u1208 \u1218\u1215\u1270\u1275 \u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 2004)\u1362<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1276 \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a5\u1272 \u121d\u1205\u12de \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u121d\u1345\u1293\u12d5 \u12cd\u1345\u12a2\u1271 \u1295\u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12a3\u1255\u1228\u1260\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12cd\u1345\u12a2\u1273\u12ca \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1295\u121d\u121d\u1203\u122d \u12a3\u1265 \u1325\u1255\u121a \u1295\u12ad\u12cd\u12d5\u120d \u1260\u1272 \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u12a3\u1262\u1209 \u1295\u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u1270\u1218\u1213\u120b\u1208\u1348\u1362 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272\u1273\u1275 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u122d\u12a2\u1276 \u1295\u12ad\u1205\u1265\u1209 \u1308\u12ed\u1229 \u1363 \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12a3\u121d\u1203 \u12f0\u1235\u1273 \u1295 \u201c\u12c8\u201c \u1270\u12cb\u1202\u1261 \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1325\u122b\u12ed \u121d\u121d\u1215\u12eb\u123d \u1265\u121d\u130d\u1263\u122d \u1270\u1250\u1263\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1228\u12b8\u1260 \u120e\u121a \u12a3\u1265 \u1325\u1255\u121a \u12dd\u12cd\u12d5\u120d \u12d8\u120e \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u12ad\u12be\u1295 \u1270\u1308\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u1290\u1272 \u121d\u121d\u1215\u12eb\u123d \u12dd\u1270\u1250\u1260\u120e \u1293\u12ed \u201d\u12c8\u201c \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u130d\u12f5\u1348\u1275 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122e \u12d8\u12ed\u12ae\u1290\u1235 \u1364 \u1265\u1213\u1263\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1235\u122b\u1215 \u12f5\u120c\u1275\u1295 \u1235\u121d\u12d2\u1275\u1295 \u1295\u121d\u121d\u12d5\u1263\u120d \u1265\u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u12a5\u12da \u12a5\u1272 \u1348\u1320\u122b \u1293\u12ed \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12f5\u130b\u134d\u1295 \u1270\u1250\u1263\u120d\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1228\u12b8\u1260 \u1364 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1270\u121d\u1203\u122e \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u122d\u12a8\u1261\u120e\u121d \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u120b\u12a5 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1293\u1265 \u12dd\u122d\u12a8\u1261 \u1265\u1219\u1209\u12a6\u121d \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u1264\u1275 \u1345\u1215\u1348\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u1325\u1255\u121a \u1295\u12ad\u12cd\u12d5\u120d \u1230\u122d\u12a9\u120b\u122d \u1270\u1218\u1213\u120b\u120a\u1349\u1362 \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u1293\u12ed \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1343\u1265\u12d5\u1272 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1205\u12de \u1293\u12ed \u1245\u12f3\u1215 \u1218\u1230\u120d \u12d8\u12ed\u1270\u12cd\u1203\u1266\u121d \u1295\u121d\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u12a8\u121d\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12a3\u1276 \u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 (2004) \u12a8\u121d\u12da\u12dd\u1235\u12d5\u1265 \u12e8\u1228\u12f5\u12a1 \u1364 \u201c\u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u12a3\u120d\u12d2\u1208\u12ee \u12dd\u1270\u12d8\u122b\u1228\u1265\u1293\u1209 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u122d\u1205\u1229\u1205\u1295 \u12a3\u122d\u1212\u1251 \u1213\u1233\u1265\u1295 \u1364 \u1295\u12c8\u1308\u1291 \u1213\u120b\u12ed \u1265\u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u1364 \u12dd\u1213\u1235\u1266 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u121d\u1205\u12d9\u12a1 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u1295\u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12dd\u1205\u1266 \u1228\u1265\u1213 \u12a5\u121d\u1260\u122d \u1293\u12ed \u12cd\u120d\u1240 \u1228\u1265\u1215\u12a1 \u12a3\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1295\u1362 \u1218\u1230\u120d \u1245\u12f3\u1215 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1295\u12d5\u12a1 \u121d\u1295\u121d \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1290\u12ed\u1229 \u12dd\u1290\u1308\u1228\u1292\u1362\u201d \u12a5\u1276\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1343\u1265\u12d5\u1272 \u134a\u12f0\u120b\u1276\u121d \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u1263\u12d5\u12f2 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1265\u121d\u121d\u1203\u122e\u121d \u1263\u1205\u120e\u121d \u1295\u121d\u122d\u12f3\u12a5\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u1272 \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265 \u1295\u121d\u122d\u12f5\u12f3\u12a5\u1295 \u1340\u1308\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122e\u121d \u1270\u121d\u1203\u122e \u1340\u1308\u121d \u12ab\u1265 \u121d\u134d\u1275\u1211 \u1295\u120b\u12d5\u120a \u1265\u1204\u122b\u12ca \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12a3\u1250\u121a\u1321\u1362<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsla.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-70\" src=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsla-233x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"233\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsla-233x300.jpg 233w, https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsla.jpg 298w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u12a5\u1276\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1343\u1265\u12d5\u1272 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1265\u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u1270\u1250\u1263\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u121d\u122d\u12ab\u1266\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u12a3\u12f5\u120b\u12ed \u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1270\u12a3\u1218\u1290\u1209 \u1364 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1343\u12d5\u122a \u121d\u130d\u1263\u122d \u1300\u121a\u1229\u1362 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272\u1273\u1275 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1270\u1233\u1270\u134d\u1272 \u1295\u121d\u130d\u1263\u122d \u130d\u12f5\u1295 \u1293\u1265 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u12bb\u12f5 \u12e8\u12f5\u120a \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1295\u201d\u12a5\u12f5\u1308\u1275 \u1260\u1205\u1265\u1228\u1275\u201d \u12c8\u134d\u122a \u1364 \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u1293\u1265 \u12f0\u1265\u1228\u1265\u122d\u1203\u1295 \u12a3\u1276 \u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u1265 \u12a3\u1230\u120b \u12c8\u134a\u122e\u121d \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u1364 \u12a5\u1272 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u12ad\u1275\u1273\u120d \u1213\u120b\u134d\u1290\u1275 \u12dd\u12c8\u12f0\u1250 \u12a3\u1265 \u121b\u12a5\u1308\u122d \u12a3\u1276 \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u1290\u12ed\u1229 (\u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 2004)\u1362 \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u1276 \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u1343\u12d5\u122a \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u12651968 \u12d3.\u121d \u1265\u1293\u12ed \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a3\u12ab\u1265\u1290\u1275 \u1265\u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1260\u1228 \u1293\u12ed \u12ad\u120d\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272\u1273\u1275 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d (\u1218\u12ab\u1292\u1233\u1295 \u12a3\u120d\u134b\u1295\uff09\u1364 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1265\u1204\u122b\u12ca \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u1364 \u1293\u12ed \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1349\u1209\u12ed \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12ad\u134d\u120a \u1270\u12c8\u12a8\u120d\u1272 \u12dd\u1213\u1256\u1348 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u1270\u1323\u12ed\u1239 \u201c\u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b\u201d \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u12ad\u12f3\u120e \u1270\u12c8\u1232\u1291\u1362 \u1265\u1218\u1230\u1228\u1275 \u12a5\u12da \u12f5\u121b \u1275\u123d\u12d3\u1295\u1270 \u12a3\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u12d8\u1208\u12cd\u12ce \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12dd\u1270\u1218\u1235\u1228\u1270 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12b8\u12cd\u1295 \u1364 \u12ab\u1265\u1276\u121d \u12a3\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u12ad\u120d\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u12a3\u1276 \u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12f0\u122d\u1236\u1295 \u12a0\u1276 \u1283\u12ed\u1209 \u12e8\u1231\u1290\u1205\u1295 \u1290\u12ed\u122e\u121d\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u1323\u12e8\u123d \u12a3\u1276 \u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a3\u1230\u120b \u1293\u1265 \u12a3\u12f2\u1235 \u12a3\u1260\u1263 \u201c\u12d8\u1218\u127b \u1218\u121d\u122d\u12eb\u201c \u1270\u1218\u120a\u1236\u121d \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u1364 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a3\u1263\u120d \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u12c3\u1295 \u12d5\u12f5\u120d \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u1228\u12bd\u1261 \u1364 \u12a3\u1276 \u121d\u1293\u1234 \u130d\u1293 \u122d\u1211\u1255 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u1364 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12cd\u123d\u1322 \u12a3\u12ed\u12a3\u1270\u12cd\u1295\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12a3\u12d8\u12cd\u1272\u122e\u121d \u12dd\u1325\u1240\u1219\u120e\u121d \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1265\u121d\u121d\u122b\u1345 \u1364 \u12d3\u1208\u121d\u1208\u12bb\u12ca \u12dd\u12be\u1291 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u1208\u12cd\u12ce \u1265\u121d\u12cd\u1233\u12f5 \u12a3\u1265 \u1263\u1205\u120d\u1293 \u12cd\u123d\u1322 \u1309\u120d\u1205 \u12a2\u120e\u121d \u12dd\u1228\u12a3\u12e9 \u1218\u122a\u1346\u121d \u1265\u121d\u12a5\u1273\u12cd\u1295 \u12ab\u1265\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1230\u121c\u1295 \u12a3\u121c\u122a\u12ab \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1345\u1348\u1275\u1295 \u1270\u1235\u121b\u12d5\u121b\u12d5\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce\u121d \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u1208\u12cd\u12ce \u1265\u121d\u12cd\u1233\u12f5 (\u1200 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d1971) \u12651978 \u12d3.\u121d \u12a5\u1272 \u1235\u122b\u1215 \u12db\u12da\u1219 \u1295\u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a3\u1228\u12aa\u1261\u1362 \u201d\u12ab\u1265 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u1270\u12c8\u12aa\u120e\u121d \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u12a3\u1263\u120b\u1275 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12dd\u1308\u1260\u122d\u12ce \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1275 \u12a3\u1235\u1270\u12cb\u1345\u12a6 \u12a3\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1295\u1362\u201d (\u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 2004)\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u1235\u122d\u1211 \u121d\u1235 \u12db\u12d8\u1218 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u122d\u1275\u12d6\u1275 \u1235\u122b\u1215 \u1290\u1272 \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u1270\u12cb\u1202\u1261\u1362 \u1293\u12ed \u1235\u12a5\u120a \u1235\u122b\u1215 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1272 \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u1260\u12d3\u120d \u121e\u12eb \u12f0\u120d\u12e9 \u12a8\u1235\u122d\u1215 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1270\u1265\u1203\u1208 \u1364 \u12a5\u1272 \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u12ab\u1265 \u121e\u1295\u130e \u12a3\u1263\u120b\u1271 \u1230\u12a3\u120a \u12a3\u1255\u122a\u1261\u1362 \u1290\u1272 \u1230\u12a3\u120a \u12dd\u12bd\u1348\u120d \u12a3\u1260\u120d \u12ad\u120d\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272\u1273\u1275 \u1295\u12ad\u123d\u134d\u1291 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u130d\u1260\u122d \u1364 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u121d\u1203\u122a \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d\u1272\u1295 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u1295\u12a8\u1210\u1275\u121d \u12a5\u1272 \u12ae\u121a\u1274 \u1270\u1235\u121b\u12d5\u121a\u12d1\u1362<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_68\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-68\" style=\"width: 217px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-68\" src=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl2-217x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"217\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl2-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl2.jpg 278w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 217px) 100vw, 217px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-68\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">1\u12ed \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u1348\u120b\u121b\u12ed \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 (1972 \u12d3.\u121d)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u12f5\u1215\u122a \u1230\u1208\u1235\u1270 \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12651971 \u12d3.\u121d \u201c\u12e8\u12a0\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12e8\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u1235\u121b\u1275\u1293 \u1218\u1293\u1308\u122d \u1208\u1270\u1233\u1293\u1278\u12cd\u1363 \u1200 1\u129b \u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u122d\u12a5\u1232 \u12dd\u1270\u12cd\u1203\u1266 15 \u121d\u12d5\u122b\u134b\u1275\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u12f0 \u123d\u1215\u1295 \u1275\u123d\u12d3\u1295\u1270\u1295 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1235\u12a5\u120d\u1273\u1275\u1295 270 \u12dd\u12be\u1291 \u1235\u12a5\u120a \u12a3\u120d\u1266 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1218\u130d\u1208\u1342 \u12dd\u1213\u12d8 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1300\u1218\u122d\u12eb \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1270\u1213\u1272\u1219 \u12c8\u1342\u12a1\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u1213\u1228\u130d\u1295 \u1235\u12a5\u120d\u1295 \u1218\u130d\u1208\u1345\u1273\u1275 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u12cd\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u12f5\u122d\u130a\u1275\u1295 (\u1270\u130d\u1263\u122d) \u12a3\u1295\u1348\u1275\u1295 \u1218\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1272 \u1218\u1235\u1218\u122b\u1275\u1295 \u1240\u1235\u1275\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122d\u12ce \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1295\u121d\u122d\u12f5\u12a1 \u1240\u120a\u120d \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u12d5\u120b\u121b \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u201c\u1295\u121d\u1215\u130b\u12dd \u1295\u12dd\u12f0\u120d\u12e9 \u12b9\u120e\u121d \u12a8\u121d \u1218\u1260\u1308\u1232 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u12a8\u121d\u12d8\u1308\u120d\u130d\u120e\u121d\u1295 \u1265\u134d\u120b\u12ed \u12f5\u121b \u12c8\u1208\u12f2 \u121d\u1235 \u12f0\u1246\u121d \u12ad\u12d8\u122b\u1228\u1261 \u1295\u121d\u12bd\u12a3\u120d\u201d \u1270\u1213\u1232\u1261 \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u12a5\u12da \u1348\u120b\u121b\u12ed \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u1295\u1273\u12ed \u201c\u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201d \u12a8\u121d\u12dd\u1270\u1265\u1203\u1208 \u12ab\u1265\u1276\u121d \u1218\u12f3\u1208\u12cd\u1272 \u1213\u12f0 \u12a8\u121d\u12da \u12dd\u1235\u12d5\u1265 \u12e8\u1228\u12f5\u12a1\u1366<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c\u12a5\u1272 \u1240\u1295\u12f2 \u121d\u12bd\u1295\u12eb\u1275 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1218\u12f3\u1208\u12cd\u1272 \u1265\u12db\u12d5\u1263 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228\u1293 \u134d\u120d\u1320\u1275 \u12cd\u1231\u1295 \u1265\u121d\u1295\u1263\u1229 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u12a3\u1265\u1272 \u12a5\u12cb\u1295 \u1295\u1325\u1240\u1218\u1209 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122d\u1293 \u12a3\u1265 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u1275 \u1230\u121c\u1295 \u12a3\u121c\u122a\u12ab\u1295 \u1235\u12ca\u12f5\u1295\u1295 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1229 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12dd\u1325\u1240\u1219\u120e\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12be\u1291 \u1364 \u1265\u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12d5 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u1218\u1341 \u12f5\u121b \u134d\u1273\u1216\u121d \u1265\u12a2\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u129b \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12f5\u121b \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u129b \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a5\u1293\u1270\u1265\u1203\u1209 \u12ed\u134d\u1208\u1321 \u1290\u12ed\u122e\u121d\u1362 \u134d\u1273\u1216\u121d \u1265\u12a2\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12d8\u129b \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u1218\u1265\u12db\u1215\u1275\u12a6\u121d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1270\u121d\u1203\u122e \u1363 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1270\u121d\u1203\u122e \u12c8\u1208\u12f5\u1295 \u12ab\u120d\u12a6\u1275 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u121d\u1203\u122d \u12f5\u120c\u1275 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u122e\u121d \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u1260\u1272 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u121d\u1325\u1243\u121d \u12a3\u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u1209\u1295 \u1290\u12ed\u122e\u121d\u1362 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u1295\u1208\u12d3\u120d \u1240\u1295\u12f2 \u12d3\u120b\u121b\u1293 \u12a5\u12da \u1340\u1308\u121d \u1265\u121d\u134d\u1273\u1215 \u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1218\u1340\u1213\u134d\u1272 \u12a3\u1265 \u12b9\u1209 \u1230\u1265 \u12a2\u12f5 \u1295\u12ad\u12a3\u1275\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1272 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1295\u12ad\u1235\u134b\u1215\u134b\u1215 \u12a3\u1265 \u121d\u130d\u1263\u122d\u1295 \u12d8\u12f5\u1203\u1260 \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u122d\u12a5\u1232 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u12dd\u1260\u120d\u1293\u12ee \u12a5\u1272 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u12a5\u12e9 \u1295\u121d\u1263\u120d \u12d8\u12ed\u12be\u1290 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1218\u130d\u1208\u1345\u1273\u1275 \u12a8\u121d\u1276\u121d \u12bb\u120d\u12a6\u1275 \u1265\u12a2\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u129b \u12d8\u12ed\u12be\u1290 \u1265\u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u1295\u121d\u1215\u1263\u122d \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 (\u1270\u12ad\u1208\u1203\u12ed\u121b\u1296\u1275 2004\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1293\u12ed\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1215\u1275\u1218\u1275 \u1295\u1293\u12ed \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u12a3\u134d\u120d\u1326\u1295 \u1270\u1250\u1263\u120d\u1290\u1275\u1295 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u12cd\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u134d\u1215\u134b\u1215 \u120d\u12d1\u120d \u12a3\u1260\u122d\u12ad\u1276 \u1308\u12ed\u1229 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u1293\u12ed\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u121d\u1215\u1273\u121d \u1364 \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u121d\u1235\u134d\u1215\u134b\u1215\u1295 \u121d\u12d5\u1263\u12ed\u1295 \u1300\u121a\u1229\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1270\u12b8\u1272\u1209 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12dd\u1213\u12de\u121d \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1265\u12a3\u1265\u12dd\u1213 \u12ab\u1265 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121c\u122a\u12ab\u1295 \u1235\u12ca\u12f5\u1295\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u12c8\u1230\u12f1 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1291 \u1364 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u122d\u12d5\u1232 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u12d8\u12ed\u12be\u1290 \u1293\u12ed \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1364 \u12dd\u1270\u12f3\u1208\u12c8\u1209 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u12a5\u1272 \u1309\u12f3\u12ed \u1265\u1250\u1325\u1273 \u1265\u12dd\u121d\u120d\u12a8\u1276\u121d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u1265\u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u12ad\u1218\u1213\u12e8\u123d \u12a3\u1208\u12ce \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u1275\u12a8\u120d \u1260\u1276\u121d \u1270\u1320\u1240\u121d\u1271 \u12ad\u1295\u1340\u1263\u1228\u1255 \u1300\u121a\u1229\u1362 \u12be\u12ed\u1291 \u130d\u1293 \u12a5\u1272 \u1213\u1233\u1265 \u1293\u12ed \u12b9\u120e\u121d \u12f5\u130b\u134d \u1235\u1208\u12d8\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u122e\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1265\u1214\u122b\u12ca \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u12ab \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1272 \u1213\u1308\u12dd \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u12d3\u1255\u121a \u1235\u1208\u12d8\u12ed\u1290\u1260\u122e \u12ad\u1233\u12d5 2000\u12d3.\u121d \u12a5\u1272 \u1213\u1233\u1265 \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122b\u12ca \u12a3\u12ed\u12be\u1290\u1295\u1362<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1295\u12bb\u120d\u12a3\u12ed \u130d\u12d8 \u1293\u12ed \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1348\u1270\u1290 \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1260\u1228 \u12f5\u1215\u122a 18 \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u134b\u122d\u1255 1980\u1273\u1275 \u1265\u1218\u1295\u130d\u1235\u1273\u12ca \u12a3\u12ab\u120d \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u12651986 \u12d3.\u121d\u00a0 \u1265\u1218\u1270\u1213\u1263\u1260\u122a \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270-\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121e\u12eb\u1295 \u134d\u1209\u12ed \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1275\u1295 \u1364 \u1293\u12ed \u134d\u1209\u12ed \u12f5\u120c\u1275 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270-\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1309\u1305\u1208\u1295 \u12a5\u1272 \u1228\u1252\u1255 \u1270\u12f3\u120d\u12e9 \u12a3\u1265 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12a2\u1295\u1235\u1272\u1275\u12e9\u1275 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1345\u1295\u12d3\u1275\u1295 \u121d\u122d\u121d\u122d\u1295 \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1270-\u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121a\u12eb\u12dd\u12eb 1990 \u12d3.\u121d \u12dd\u1270\u1213\u1270\u1218 (\u1265\u12ae\u121d\u1352\u12e9\u1270\u122d \u1270\u1263\u12da\u1211 \u1265\u12a2\u12f5 \u12dd\u1270\u1320\u1228\u12d8) \u12a5\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u201c\u12e8\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260 \u1243\u120b\u1275\u1363 \u1201\u1208\u1270\u129b \u1218\u133d\u1210\u134d\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u122d\u12a5\u1232 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12be\u1295 1314 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1208\u12cd\u12ce\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u12ab\u1265 \u1218\u1348\u1208\u121d\u1275\u12a1 \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12c8\u1290\u1295\u1275\u1295 \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d\u1295 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed\u121d\u12ad\u1273\u1271 \u12a5\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1270\u1250\u1263\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12a3\u12ed\u1228\u12b8\u1260\u1295\u1362<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u12651994 \u12d3.\u121d \u1265\u1204\u122b\u12ca \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u120d\u121d\u12d3\u1275 \u1355\u122e\u1300\u12ad\u1275 \u12a3\u12f3\u120d\u12e9 \u1265\u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u134a\u1295\u120b\u1295\u12f5 \u12a3\u1262\u1209 \u1295\u1293\u12ed \u134a\u1295\u120b\u1295\u12f5 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1309\u12f3\u12eb\u1275 \u12c8\u1343\u12a2 \u12a3\u1255\u122a\u1261\u1362 \u12a5\u1272 \u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1309\u12f3\u12eb\u1275 \u12c8\u1343\u12a2 \u120d\u12d5\u120a 85 \u123d\u1215 \u12e9\u122e \u1265\u121d\u120d\u130b\u1231 \u12a5\u1272 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u12f5\u120b\u12cd \u1235\u122b\u1215 \u12651994 \u12d3.\u121d \u1270\u1300\u121a\u1229 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u123d\u12f5\u123d\u1270 \u12d3\u1218\u1273\u1275 \u12652000 \u12d3.\u121d \u1295\u1215\u1275\u1218\u1275 \u1260\u1252\u12d1\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1265\u1265\u1204\u122b\u12ca \u121b\u1215\u1260\u122d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1265\u121d\u1215\u1273\u121d \u1348\u120b\u121b\u12ed \u1364 \u1265\u1203\u1308\u122d\u1208\u12b8 \u130d\u1293 \u12bb\u120d\u12a3\u12ed (\u12a5\u1272 \u12bb\u120d\u12a3\u12ed \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1270\u1270\u1256\u1342\u1229 \u1233\u120d\u1233\u12ed) \u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u12d9\u122d\u12eb 25 \u122d\u12a5\u1235\u1273\u1275 1322 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12dd\u1213\u12d9 464 \u1308\u1343\u1275 \u12a3\u1208\u12cd\u12ce\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u1265\u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1275\u12a1\u1295 \u1265\u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1271\u1295 \u12ab\u1265\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1218\u1300\u1218\u122d\u1273 \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u1200 \u1265\u1265\u12d9\u1215 \u1218\u120d\u12ad\u12d1 \u12dd\u1270\u1348\u1208\u12e8 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u1240\u12f3\u121b\u12ed \u1364 \u1265\u1204\u122b\u12ca \u1275\u1215\u12dd\u1276 \u12a3\u1208\u12ce \u1364 \u12a3\u122d\u12a5\u1235\u1271 \u12a8\u121d\u1272 \u1265\u121a\u1292\u1235\u1274\u122d \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u12dd\u1270\u1213\u1270\u1218 \u201c\u12e8\u12a3\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12e8\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201c \u12d8\u12ed\u12be\u1290\u1235 \u1364 \u201d \u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201c \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u12ab\u120d\u12a3\u12ed \u12a5\u1276\u121d \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1271 \u12dd\u1250\u1228\u1261 \u1265\u1235\u12a5\u120a \u12d8\u12ed\u12be\u1290\u1235 \u1265\u134e\u1276\u130d\u122b\u134d \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12be\u1295 \u1364 \u12a8\u12a8\u121d \u12a3\u12f5\u120b\u12ed\u1290\u1271 \u1295\u1215\u12f5\u1215\u12f5 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12ab\u1265 \u1213\u12f0 \u1295\u120b\u12d5\u120a \u134e\u1276\u130d\u122b\u134b\u1275 \u12a3\u1208\u12cd\u12ce\u1362 \u1233\u120d\u1233\u12ed \u1364 \u12a5\u1276\u121d \u1243\u120b\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u1345\u1213\u1349 \u1265\u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b\u1295 \u1265\u12a5\u1295\u130d\u120a\u12dd\u129b\u1295 \u1235\u1208\u12dd\u12be\u1291 \u1364 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b \u121d\u1295\u1263\u1265 \u12d8\u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u1209 \u12a5\u12cd\u1295 \u12ad\u1325\u1240\u1219\u1209 \u12ed\u12bd\u12a5\u1209 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u122b\u1265\u12d3\u12ed \u1364 \u12ab\u1265 \u1293\u12ed \u134a\u1295\u120b\u1295\u12f5 \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12dd\u1270\u12c8\u1230\u12f1 \u1293\u12ed \u12ad\u1295\u12cb\u1290 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1218\u1218\u120d\u12a8\u1275\u1272 \u1240\u1235\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u1235\u1208\u12d8\u1208\u12cd\u12ce \u1293\u12ed \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1230\u122b\u122d\u1213 \u1265\u1250\u120a\u1209 \u121d\u122d\u12f3\u12a5 \u12ed\u12a8\u12a3\u120d\u1362 \u1213\u121d\u123b\u12ed \u1364 \u1218\u1265\u12db\u1215\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u1218\u1266\u1246\u120b\u12cd\u12eb\u1295 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u123b\u120d\u123b\u12ed \u1364 \u12f2\u12db\u12ed\u1291\u1295 \u1255\u1295\u1265\u1229\u1295 \u12dd\u1213\u1238 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u123b\u1265\u12d3\u12ed \u1364 \u1260\u12d3\u120d\u121e\u12eb\u1273\u1275 \u1235\u1290-\u120d\u1233\u1295 \u12d8\u12ab\u1270\u1270 \u1290\u12ed\u1229\u1362 \u1265\u12b9\u120e\u121d \u121d\u121d\u12d8\u1295\u1273\u1275 \u12a5\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12ad\u1233\u1265 \u120e\u121a \u12ab\u1265 \u12dd\u1270\u1213\u1270\u1219 \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12b9\u120e\u121d \u12dd\u1213\u1238\u1295 \u1265\u1235\u134d\u1213\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u1230\u122b\u1328\u12c8\u1295 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u1300\u122d\u1273 \u12a8\u1263\u1262 \u201c\u12e8\u12f0\u1293\u1241\u122d\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201d \u12f0\u1213\u122d \u12f5\u121b \u201c\u12e8\u12a3\u121b\u122d\u129b \u12e8\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201d \u1265\u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1218\u1340\u12cd\u12d2 \u12dd\u134d\u1208\u1325 \u12dd\u1290\u1260\u1228 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u120e\u121a \u12dd\u1345\u12cd\u12d0\u1209 \u201c\u12e8\u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u201d \u12dd\u1265\u120d \u1235\u12eb\u1218 \u12dd\u1228\u12b8\u1260 \u12f5\u1215\u122a \u121d\u1215\u1273\u121d \u12a5\u12da \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u12a3\u1265 \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u120d\u12d1\u120d \u1235\u134d\u122b \u12ab\u1265 \u12d8\u1208\u12ce\u121d \u1270\u130d\u1263\u122b\u1275 \u1213\u12f2\u12a1 \u12a3\u1265 2000\u12d3.\u121d \u1265\u12e9\u1292\u1268\u122d\u1235\u1272 \u12a3\u12f2\u1235 \u12a3\u1260\u1263 \u12ad\u134d\u120a \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u1345\u1295\u12d3\u1275 \u1263\u1205\u120a \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d\u1295 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u121d\u12bd\u134b\u1271 \u12a5\u12e9\u1362 \u12a5\u12da \u1293\u12ed \u1245\u12f5\u1218-\u121d\u1228\u1253 \u1218\u122d\u1203\u130d\u1265\u122a \u1265\u12d3\u12ed\u1290\u1271 \u12a3\u1265 \u12a3\u134d\u122a\u12ab \u1348\u120b\u121b\u12ed \u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u12ed\u12a5\u1218\u1295\u1362 \u1293\u12ed\u12da \u12ad\u134d\u120a \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u121d\u12bd\u134b\u1275 \u1293\u12ed \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u121d\u121d\u1203\u122d-\u121d\u1235\u1275\u121d\u1203\u122d\u1295 \u121d\u1275\u122d\u1313\u121d\u1295 \u1295\u121d\u12dd\u121b\u1295 \u12dd\u1215\u130d\u12d9 \u1265\u12d3\u120d\u121e\u12eb\u1273\u1275 \u12ab\u1265 \u121d\u134d\u122b\u12e9 \u1265\u1270\u12c8\u1233\u12ba \u12a3\u1265 \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u1233\u12ed\u1295\u1233\u12ca \u1345\u1295\u12d3\u1275 \u1295\u121d\u12ad\u12eb\u12f5\u1295 \u1295\u121d\u1235\u1293\u12f5\u1295 \u12d8\u12bd\u12a5\u1209 \u121d\u1279\u12cd \u12a3\u130b\u1323\u121d\u1273\u1275 \u1348\u1322\u1229\u1362 \u12a3\u1265 \u12cd\u123d\u1322 \u12a5\u12da \u12ad\u134d\u120a \u1275\u121d\u1205\u122d\u1272 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u121a\u12a2\u1272 \u1293\u12ed \u1245\u12f5\u1218-\u121d\u1228\u1253\u1295 \u120d\u12d5\u120a \u12d3\u1230\u122d\u1270 \u1293\u12ed \u12f5\u1215\u1228-\u121d\u1228\u1253\u1295 \u1218\u1345\u1293\u12d5\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1260\u1229 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12be\u1295 \u12ab\u1265\u12de\u121d \u1218\u1345\u1293\u12d5\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u12a5\u12da\u12a6\u121d \u12a3\u122d\u1263\u12d5\u1272\u12a6\u121d \u1265\u1265\u122d\u12aa \u12f6\u12ad\u1275\u122c\u1275 \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1260\u1229 \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_69\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-69\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-69\" src=\"http:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl3-233x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"233\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl3-233x300.jpg 233w, https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2023\/10\/ethsl3.jpg 298w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-69\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">2\u12ed \u1218\u1345\u1213\u134d \u1348\u120b\u121b\u12ed \u1218\u12dd\u1308\u1260-\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 (2000 \u12d3.\u121d)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u12a5\u12de\u121d \u1218\u1345\u1293\u12d5\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u12a5\u12da\u12a6\u121d \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u1293\u12ed \u124b\u1295\u124b \u1218\u1218\u12d8\u1295\u1273\u1275 \u12d8\u121b\u120d\u12a0\u1295 \u1293\u12ed \u1263\u12d5\u1209 \u1293\u12ed \u1235\u12cb\u1230\u12cd \u1235\u122d\u12d3\u1273\u1275 \u12d8\u1208\u12cd\u12ce \u124b\u1295\u124b \u121d\u12c3\u1291\u1295 \u12a8\u121d\u12a1\u12cd\u1295 \u12ab\u1265 \u12a3\u121d\u1213\u122d\u129b\u1295 \u12ab\u120d\u12a6\u1275 \u1203\u1308\u122b\u12ca \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1273\u1275\u1295 \u12dd\u1270\u1348\u1208\u12e8 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u121d\u12c3\u1291 \u12ab\u1265 \u121d\u122d\u130d\u130b\u1345 \u1265\u1270\u12c8\u1233\u12ba \u1265\u12b9\u120e\u121d \u1293\u12ed\u1272 \u134c\u12f0\u122c\u123d\u1295 \u12ad\u120d\u120b\u1275 \u121d\u1235 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1295\u121d\u122d\u12f5\u12f3\u12a5\u1295 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1295\u121d\u121d\u1203\u122d \u1265\u1235\u134d\u1213\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u1325\u1255\u121a \u12a5\u1293\u12c8\u12d3\u1208 \u12a8\u121d\u12dd\u122d\u12a8\u1265 \u12a3\u1228\u130b\u130a\u1346\u121d \u12a5\u12ee\u121d\u1362 \u12a3\u1265\u12da \u120e\u121a \u130d\u12d8 \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u12a3\u1265 \u12b9\u120e\u121d \u12ad\u120d\u120b\u1275 \u1265\u1235\u134d\u1213\u1275 \u12a3\u1265 \u1325\u1255\u121a \u12a5\u1293\u12c8\u12d3\u1208 \u12a5\u1295\u1275\u12b8\u12cd\u1295 \u12a3\u1265 \u12dd\u1270\u1348\u120b\u1208\u12e9 \u12a8\u1263\u1265\u1273\u1275 \u12d8\u120e \u1293\u12ed \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u12a3\u1320\u1253\u1255\u121b \u1270\u1218\u1233\u1233\u120d\u1290\u1275 \u12dd\u1208\u12d3\u1208\u1295 \u1293\u12ed\u1276\u121d \u12d8\u1208\u12cd \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1348\u120b\u120b\u12ed \u1340\u1262\u1265 \u1265\u121d\u12c3\u1291\u1295 \u12b9\u120e\u121d \u1293\u12ed \u121d.\u124b.\u12a2 \u1270\u1320\u1240\u121d\u1272 \u1265\u12d8\u12ed \u1340\u1308\u121d \u12a5\u1293\u1270\u1228\u12f3\u12f1\u12a1\u1209 \u12a8\u121d\u12dd\u12be\u1290 \u12dd\u1270\u1308\u1260\u1229 \u1218\u1345\u1293\u12d5\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u12e8\u1218\u120b\u12bd\u1271\u1362<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>\u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb (\u121d.\u124b.\u12a2) \u1213\u1342\u122d \u1273\u122a\u12bd \u1333\u12cd\u120e\u1235 \u12ab\u1221 (\u12f6\/\u122d) \u12a3\u1265 \u12a2\u1275\u12ee\u1335\u12eb \u1264\u1275 \u1275\u121d\u122d\u1275\u1273\u1275 \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1245\u12f5\u121a \u121d\u12bd\u134b\u1276\u121d \u121d\u1235\u121b\u12d5 \u12dd\u1270\u1235\u12a3\u1296\u121d \u1215\u1265\u1228\u1270\u1230\u1265\u1295 \u121d\u120d\u12ad\u1275 \u124b\u1295\u124b\u1295 \u121d\u1295\u1263\u122e\u121d \u12dd\u1215\u1265\u1229 \u1265\u1345\u1211\u134d \u12d8\u12ed\u1230\u1348\u1229 \u12dd\u1270\u12c8\u1230\u1291 \u1213\u1260\u122c\u1273\u1275 \u12a3\u1208\u12cd\u1362 \u12a3\u1265 \u1218\u134b\u122d\u1245 1950\u1273\u1275 \u12ab\u1265 \u1230\u121c\u1295 \u12a3\u121c\u122a\u12ab\u1295 <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/ethsl\/\" title=\"EthSL\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72,"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21\/revisions\/72"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ethsl.aau.edu.et\/tig\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}